Intelligence is one of the highly estimated characteristics. Still it is also the one that is very difficult to measure and to evaluate. Of course, there are various techniques that have been developed in order to measure IQ, but seems as they fail to capture the whole of this potential as well as the degree to which it has been developed. Much more stress is put on the calculation of the logical-mathematical intelligence, another 7 are simply ignored.
According to the research performed by Howard Gardner, a psychologist of Harvard University, there are eight types of intelligence
Linguistic Intelligence;
Logical - Mathematical Intelligence;
Musical Intelligence;
Bodily - Kinesthetic Intelligence;
Spatial Intelligence;
Interpersonal Intelligence;
Intrapersonal Intelligence;
Natural intelligence.
Psychologist Hovard Gardner performed extensive studies of different subjects,e.g. how can be genius, talented people who have suffered the damage of brain – they are called idiot savants, experts from different professions and people with different culture. So he tried to find out how are intelligence people, then went on to describe 8 types of intelligence:
Linguistic Intelligence or intelligence with words, requires the ability to speak, to read, to write, to tell stories. The person with this type of intelligence can learn the languages (can study a new language easily). He can be a talented speaker or writer. Linguistic intelligence is the ability to use the language in order to achieve certain goals. Those who have such intelligence can be good writers, journalists, diplomats, negotiators, seller, translators, lawyers...
Logical – Mathematical Intelligence
involves the ability to analyze. It is their understanding and solve a logical problems easily acquired scientific research and statistical calculations. In this type of intelligence often focused efforts to develop some psychological test measuring. In general the psychology doesn`t have exacts instruments to measure and evaluate it. A lot of people consider this as a "drama" of the profession and do not want to develop such instruments. But they do much more for the tests that measure the intelligence quotient.
Those who have a logical-mathematical intelligence can be managers, traders, programmers, etc.
The Musical Intelligence represents the potential to create and appreciate sounds, rhythms, musical keys and structure of the songs. That type of intelligence is common to singers or instrumentalists, dancers, actors, and composers.
The bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence represents the potential to utilize the whole body or body parts to solve any kind of problems, how it can be - do sport, to make the vestment creation. Are people having ability to use their hands and feet apart or use the whole body to express, create, or perform? Those people can be sportsmen, cookers, designers, actors, surgeons, chiropractors or can have technical profession.
Spatial Intelligence is the potential to recognize and work with models in large space or clearly defined areas. This is the capacity to analyze and synthesis. That type of intelligence is especially typical for men. The spatial intelligence helps for achieving any types of project and strategy. They may have a good sense of direction, hand – eye coordination and visual memory.
Interpersonal Intelligence (People smart) or intelligence with people, it shows ability to understand the intentions and motivation the desire of the people and how they managed to work effectively with people. In some degree intelligence people are characterized by an empathic capacity. Empathy is the ability of a person to fell and understand the feelings and thoughts unique and subjective to another person. Psychologist Alfred Adler says „you can see with his eyes, can hear with his ears and can feel with his heart”, also this intelligence can be named as an emotional intelligence. People with this type of intelligence can be psychologists, human resource specialists, doctors, priests, fathers, sociologists. Such professionals should see men as a whole are interdependent and can`t be judged separately. Can`t understand how an intelligent man is to judge, measure, calculate this ability separate from it generally operation.
Intrapersonal intelligence (Self smart) involves the ability to understand yourself, to have your own model that includes desires, fear and the capacity for use for to do good for others. An example of this type of intelligence is meditation, psychologist, spiritual leaders, and philosophers.
Natural intelligence (Nature smart) it refers at the ability to recognize and classify flora and fauna. In order to get more naturalistic intelligence you need to expose yourself to the great outdoors: to plant a seed, be volunteer at an animal shelter, take a walk with a naturalist at the park, read about classifications of animals. People with such characteristics can be good biologists, trainers, meteorologists.